ChryoBiology Freezer Biology



2500 BC Egypt used low temperatures in medicine to stop bleeding and swelling. 1949 Bull sperm was cryopreserved for the first time by a team of scientists led by Christopher Polge . 1950's-1970's Much wider use of cryopreservation with many organs, tissues, and cells routinely stored at low temperatures. 1970s Controlled-rate and slow freezing are well established techniques. 1984 First human embryo frozen birth ( Zoe Lleyland ). 1986 First pregnancy using slow frozen ooctyes from a British Controlled Rate freezer. In 1997 samples of ovarian cortex were taken from a woman with Hodgkin’s lymphoma and cryo-preserved in a controlled rate freezer. In 2003, after freeze-thawing, orthotopic transplantation of ovarian cortical tissue was done by laparoscopy. In 2011, Gisele Peirano, Jasmine Ahmed-Bentley, Neil Woodford, and Johann D. Pitout used cryobiology to stop an emerging infectious disease.